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diy solar

diy solar

How to chose the correct solar panels

twinpartners

The grass is always greener on the other side
Joined
Sep 5, 2023
Messages
114
Location
Florida
Would really like to have some honest educated opinions on how to correctly chose the correct solar panels for my build. Not necessarily a discussion over best brands, but more of a "how to calculate the correct panels (crunching numbers) discussion". My inverter allows for 2 PV inputs, 11000 watt maximum input, 22A max current, 500Vdc max voltage open circuit and 120-425Vdc MPPT voltage range.
It has a max DC charging current of 200 A, but I will only ever use about 100 A max due to my battery setup.
Have all of my energy calculated and a rate analysis/usage done by Florida Power and Light. Everything that could be moved to evening hours has been done (TOU). My batteries will have enough power to get me through the night and my 11,000 watt inverter at 20,000 watt peak power has been able to easily handle my loads (ACs are on soft starts, range/water heat is gas, public water (no well) and the only thing that has even come close was the dryer at 8500W that levels off at around 3000W once running). Dryer with AC together at the same time didn't not cause any fits on the inverter either. Most of the time the inverter was between 8 - 20 Amps and between 800 - 2k watts until an AC kicked on and it would hit 6k and 50 amps for a few seconds. Watched it for 5 days jotting down numbers, so I saw everyting I needed to see.

With that being said, I'd "like" to have 11,000 watts'ish worth of panels on 2 strings to feed the inverter with during the day (max it out, because why not). Have picked out a piece of the yard that has sun for, currently, about 12 hours a day and will do a ground install (or mounted about 6 - 8 feet above ground). Its going to be about 2 x 40 - 50 foot runs (2 strings) from the panels to the inverter in the garage. Is 11,000 the max I should go with, or can I safely go above that since the likelyhood of 100% per panel will never happen? Yes, have Googled the crap out of it, but would rather hear from you guys with the real experience as to what the correct Pmax/panel, VOC, PV current etc. I need to be looking for when calculating to get the right numbers to jive with my inverter.

Thx to all for you replies! Take it easy on me...I'm an extremely skilled DIY'er, but would rather you all's input than trying to figure it out on my own. Would like some help for "Phase II" planning.
 
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It sounds like you've chosen one of the very popular SNRE clones, as I recently did the same. I'm not very experienced with the panel selection, so I also inquired here a couple of months ago. It really helped clear up some misconceptions, as I'm sure you'll find the same help I did. It turns out that staying well below the upper threshold of 425 volts in the operating range is a lot more important than limiting the current to 22 amps. Too high of an input voltage will damage your inverter while too high a current will simply "clip" the output of your array when the sun is shining bright. That's gonna happen as soon as your batteries are topped off anyway. To keep my voltage in a safe zone, I chose a panel with an open cir. of 48.5 volts and max current of 9.75 amps. I used 28 panels wired 2x7s2p. That gave me a nominal input voltage of 339 volts and just under 20 amps per MPPT without any bifacial gain. That was as close as I could get with the panels selection available to me locally. After I energized my system I haven't seen the voltage above about 310 volts and usually it runs at around 285 volts. I'm anticipating higher voltage as temps fall in the winter months.
 
1. Buy the biggest panels that are available locally that fit your install location.
2. Buy enough solar panels to overpanel a bit but still stay under the solar charge controller's Max PV Input Voltage (taking into account the lower possible temperature for your area).
 
How is the inverter holding up? Looks like you have been having a good time with it/them.
I've been running half of my house and all of my shop with it for the last 2 weeks. So far I've used 133kWh with it and it has operated flawlessly the whole time. Yesterday I did disconnect from the house after it remained dark most of the day from a storm rolling through and I let the batteries charge back up from 50%, while still powering my freezers. They were topped off by noon today and I switched it back to include half of the house. It looks like another week ahead of clear sailing after today.
 
I'll bet you being in Florida means you won't have much of a voltage rise in your panels due to low temps... ;)
 
I'll bet you being in Florida means you won't have much of a voltage rise in your panels due to low temps... ;)
I'm in North Florida which geographically is mainland south Georgia. We can hit low 30's and have been as low as 28 degrees. That's not cold compared to many places, but very cold by Florida standards.
 

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