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diy solar

diy solar

Looking for bus bar suggestions

The ones on the signature solar website are 5/16... the set from amazon with the red and black covers are 3/8

Actually they are M5. I measured them with my calipers. I think you are talking about the studs whereas I was looking for the mounting holes to know what drill bit size and bolt. After further analysis I'm actually just going to zip tie for now.
 
I have six batteries laying on their short side and I'm looking at places to put the bus bars. Is it ideal to have the same length conductors between the batteries and the bus bar? I'm just wondering because then The batteries on the edges will have conductors with no slack but then as I get toward the center battery the conductors will be the same length but they'll just have extra slack. Below are the proposed locations of the bus bars - they're resting on top of the shelf but I'm thinking of bolting them to the below yellow frame. I'll also be repositioning the inverter conductor so it's not hanging in between like that.

Hk03odI.jpeg
 
Same round trip length ... so --

I didn't do them all but starting from the left ... B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7

B1 - negative 2ft Positive 4ft
B2 - negativer 2ft6in, positive 3ft6in
B3 - negative 3ft, positive 3ft
B4 - negative 3ft 6in, positive 2ft6in


And so on.... Measure the distance you need for the min and max and work out how to make matched sets that total the same round trip distance.

The middle ones will end with even length cables


1730669111249.png
 
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Same round trip length ... so --

I didn't do them all but starting from the left ... B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7

B1 - negative 2ft Positive 4ft
B2 - negativer 2ft6in, positive 3ft6in
B3 - negative 3ft, positive 3ft
B4 - negative 3ft 6in, positive 2ft6in


And so on.... Measure the distance you need for the min and max and work out how to make matched sets that total the same round trip distance.

The middle ones will end with even length cables


View attachment 253640
I'm sorry I don't know how this happened but this is what I ended up with:

1B1pPMd.jpeg


I'm looking into a larger, longer solid copper bus bar and stacking my batteries vertically so one bus bar per side. I can't find a server rack that accommodates 10 batteries (I will be expanding my capacity) so I plan on designing a rack with strut channel and putting spacers between the bus bars.
 
Dirt cheep prices on raw bus bar copper


Make sure to put clean plexiglass over it and use some standoffs. You can nickle plate at home if you watch a youtube video or two.

If you decide to do any bends make sure to do they prior to plating, same with holes and threads... and if you bend make sure to re-anneal the bar --- i.e. heat it with a torch to cherry red them put in water to quench it.... this will eliminate any higher resistance areas from the bending.... and remember the 4:1 bend ratio --- i.e. if you get the 1/4" bars and bend a 90 degree, use a 1" pipe as a form so it doesn't get to tight a bend.... Easiest is clamp the bar and the pipe into a vice and use a large pair of wrenches to apply pressure


I probably would have screwed down those bus bars to the rack centered at the first and last quarter of it... i.e. if the rack is 4ft wide center the bus bars at 1ft and 3ft... then make the wires so the round-trip is the same ... Mount them with self-tapping screws in the corners verse all the zipties.... with the zipties as they age they can get brittle and break and if they fall off with all those cables who knows what will short.

Use a fabric tape measure like they use in sewing to measure your distances ... an actual fabric one that is lightly plastic coated verse a pure vinyl one will cost you about $10 but it will hang and droop more like the cables.

And for neatness - either get rack ears on the left two or take them off the right 4 == :)
 
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Look at getting two Victron PowerIn’s.

Then look at YouTube for a video to add fuses to it.

It makes a really nice setup that looks good plus it has a fuse on every battery (just in case).

Yes it is more expensive than other options…
I am using PowerIn's as well. They are a breeze to work with and can connect with the Victron shunt if you ever need/want to.
I did not use a fuse on each battery, I added a 400a T-Class after the PowerIn and before the Shunt.
I made sure that all the cables (+/-) were equal lengths.
I also added a battery switch between each battery and the PowerIn, made it easier to do maintenance, etc.
 
I am using PowerIn's as well. They are a breeze to work with and can connect with the Victron shunt if you ever need/want to.
I did not use a fuse on each battery, I added a 400a T-Class after the PowerIn and before the Shunt.
I made sure that all the cables (+/-) were equal lengths.
I also added a battery switch between each battery and the PowerIn, made it easier to do maintenance, etc.
Just be careful without a fuse per string a cell failure could cause all the other parallel strings on the battery side of the class t to dump into it.
 
Just be careful without a fuse per string a cell failure could cause all the other parallel strings on the battery side of the class t to dump into it.
His batteries have a breaker in each one
 
I have 6x100ah Vatrer 48v batteries with M8 5/16" terminals. https://www.vatrerpower.com/products/vatrer-48v-100ah-server-rack-lifepo4-lithium-solar-battery

I currently have them set up daisy chained with one inverter/charge controller on either end. I recently learned that the energy would be better distributed if I had a bus bar system with equal length conductors. I'm having difficulty finding a good bus bar that will have 8+ studs and accommodate 1/0 lugs sized 5/16" . For example this has the count of studs I want but they're not 5/16" size:


Or this has 5/16" lugs but only 6p:


Forgive me as I'm new to this but are any of these solutions proper:

1. Get 2x6p 5/16" bus bar and bridge them with a short 1/0 conductor. 4 bus bars total, but 2 for pos and 2 for neg.

2. Double up the bus bar studs with 2 battery leads each so 3 of the 6 studs will have 2 leads, and then 2 more studs for the two inverter/charger leads.

3. Downgrade to a wire size that accommodates 1/4 lugs (but keeping 5/16 on the battery end) and using one of these:
I wouldn't be pulling any more than 150A of current so this is the ideal amperage rating but the only examples I've seen of this bus bar in use was with much thinner gauge wire.

There are many other choices on Amazon but I'm trying to follow Will's advice to only use reputable products.
Why not buy the Victron 8-stud you were originally planning and drill out the 5/16” hole to 3/8”? Are your lugs wider than 31mm? If my calculations are correct, that would lose about 18 square mm of contact area. Would that be a fatal loss of carrying capacity?
 
Dirt cheep prices on raw bus bar copper


Make sure to put clean plexiglass over it and use some standoffs. You can nickle plate at home if you watch a youtube video or two.

If you decide to do any bends make sure to do they prior to plating, same with holes and threads... and if you bend make sure to re-anneal the bar --- i.e. heat it with a torch to cherry red them put in water to quench it.... this will eliminate any higher resistance areas from the bending.... and remember the 4:1 bend ratio --- i.e. if you get the 1/4" bars and bend a 90 degree, use a 1" pipe as a form so it doesn't get to tight a bend.... Easiest is clamp the bar and the pipe into a vice and use a large pair of wrenches to apply pressure


I probably would have screwed down those bus bars to the rack centered at the first and last quarter of it... i.e. if the rack is 4ft wide center the bus bars at 1ft and 3ft... then make the wires so the round-trip is the same ... Mount them with self-tapping screws in the corners verse all the zipties.... with the zipties as they age they can get brittle and break and if they fall off with all those cables who knows what will short.

Use a fabric tape measure like they use in sewing to measure your distances ... an actual fabric one that is lightly plastic coated verse a pure vinyl one will cost you about $10 but it will hang and droop more like the cables.

And for neatness - either get rack ears on the left two or take them off the right 4 == :)
What are standoffs? Is that the non-metallic spacer between the bus bar and the surface to which the bus bar would be mounted so that surface (in my case a metal shelf) is not energized?

Plexiglass over the top of the bus bar so the orange cat doesn't jump up and come into contact? Or plexiglass on the bottom as well as an insulator? What does nickel-plating accomplish - prevent oxidization?

I do not anticipate bends but if I were to continue using this DeWalt shelf I may stack batteries across the bottom and vertically on one side of the top, and that may call for a right angle but it would be two bars joining, not bending. Not sure on that yet. I saw a video by David Poz on bending the copper bus bar so if needed I was planning on following that:

I would have liked to screw down the bus bars instead of zip ties but I encountered an issue where the mounting holes on the sides were sunken so deep that I couldn't figure out how to insert a hex bolt so I could tighten it but now that I think about it more I suppose I could have used nuts or washers on the top side to keep it above the surface of the hole. I'll look into that again - maybe I can salvage these bars.

I thought of the fabric tape but I couldn't find it at the time. The solid 1/0 cable is very difficult to work with and I recently learned about welding cable, so on my next attempt to upgrade this I was planning on 4/0 welding cable from TemCO and hoping that would give better options for bends and also have a safer ampacity. I could go as high as 10kW so roughly 80A AC but upwards of 250A DC between the batteries.

I plan on them all having rack ears - just haven't gotten to it yet. If I go with the strut channel server rack it'll be a must.
 
Three samples of stand-offs --


Plexiglass or something to cover them so nothing can jump up and touch them. If it is in an enclosed cabinet you are good.

The nickel plating is to prevent oxidation... I prefer this over heat shrink myself

The welding cable will make your life much simpler - just realize 90% of it isn't UL listed in case you are being inspected they could fail you... if you are being inspected order DLO cable - similar stuff as far as bendable and the like,, double insulated and UL listed.


When you bend copper 110 it starts out 1/4 hard generally.. but bending it makes it harder like 1/2 to 3/4 hard... doing that makes it have higher resistance to the current flowing in it... If you use a torch and heat it cherry red all over, then drop it in some water it takes it back to an even 1/4 hard typically so it has even resistance all along the length.
 
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Three samples of stand-offs --


Plexiglass or something to cover them so nothing can jump up and touch them. If it is in an enclosed cabinet you are good.

The nickel plating is to prevent oxidation... I prefer this over heat shrink myself

The welding cable will make your life much simpler - just realize 90% of it isn't UL listed in case you are being inspected they could fail you... if you are being inspected order DLO cable - similar stuff as far as bendable and the like,, double insulated and UL listed.


When you bend copper 110 it starts out 1/4 hard generally.. but bending it makes it harder like 1/2 to 3/4 hard... doing that makes it have higher resistance to the current flowing in it... If you use a torch and heat it cherry red all over, then drop it in some water it takes it back to an even 1/4 hard typically so it has even resistance all along the length.
Thank you - this is extremely helpful and if I can buy you a coffee please share details. I was not familiar with the term "standoff" but this is exactly what I need for the bus bars to be attached to the shelf safely. I'm not sure when I'll get to this but stay tuned.
 
As previously stated I was going to upgrade battery conductors from 1/0 to 4/0 and today I received my lugs only to find that they are too wide for my terminals:

lv3LiwR.jpeg


Do 4/0 lugs come in smaller widths or is this standard? If so what are some ways I can make this work? Grind down the sides of the lugs?
 
As previously stated I was going to upgrade battery conductors from 1/0 to 4/0 and today I received my lugs only to find that they are too wide for my terminals:

lv3LiwR.jpeg


Do 4/0 lugs come in smaller widths or is this standard? If so what are some ways I can make this work? Grind down the sides of the lugs?
The widest lug I've found that fits that style of terminal is 2 AWG. So I'm using 2 AWG for my smaller 100Ah batteries and then 1/0 for my larger diy 280Ah battery which has an og 200A 2A balancing jk bms.

You can grind the sides down.
 
As previously stated I was going to upgrade battery conductors from 1/0 to 4/0 and today I received my lugs only to find that they are too wide for my terminals:

lv3LiwR.jpeg


Do 4/0 lugs come in smaller widths or is this standard? If so what are some ways I can make this work? Grind down the sides of the lugs?
I used 1/0 FTX FTZ power lugs for all my individual battery connections and I may or may not have spent many hours "field fitting" the lugs with hand files.
 
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