Houston does have building codes though so you don't get a free ride to do anything you want. Lived in Missouri City, SW of Houston proper and never noticed a particular problem though. Texas is interesting from a property rights standpoint. Almost none of the land comes with <edit> mineral/mining rights. Those bought up by the oil and mineral exploration companies years ago.
I've found you hope you don't get an absolute nazi and that there's room for give and take. In my last inspection after a permitted improvement, the inspector started to write up something unrelated. I politely and gently pointed out that that wasn't part of the renovation and not covered under the permit. He signed off on the permit inspection and then give me a warning about the item in question reminding me that any renovations to that part of the house would require it be be brought up to code.
God help those who live in HOA communities like The Villages. Their HOA rules are on-line and I've scanned them, specifically about ham radio antennas. I'm afraid to even drive by the place. I guess it keeps the busy body retirees something to do. My subdivision's Covenant and Restrictions expired 20 years ago. With out mandatory rules, home values have more than doubled since then. Turns out people really do like buying into subdivisions without HOAs.