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He may use an operational amplifier circuit, an ideal rectifier, diode is placed in feedback loop and, non linearity is compensated, but is too complicate, it needs auxiliary power. There are two ways in fact, wire charge and load apart as most users suggested, or place a meter with center needle.

LTO accepts far more than 0.5c I have installed 10kwh of LTO cell 110 cell of 40Ah 55s-2p 120v nominal, good if you catch sun briefly, can charge fast and fill your balley. For LTO 2c is no problem far below freezing.

If you use a BMS lo cut off at 1.9v is ok, it takes in account the lowewst cell, if you do not use BMS 2.1v /cell is optimal, it represent the beginning of lower bend, from 2.1 to 2v is a reserve that can you use if you have no other option.

There are tho main types of sinusoidal pwm, bipolar spwm and unipolar spwm. for single phase sinusoidal inverter, for there phase only bipolar is available. Both of them can be produced with EG8010/EGS002 ASIC/ APP board (china), via a selection pin, ground unipolar, 5v bipolar, or write it in...

I use LTO cells from 4 years, in solar systems 10c rate is an exception, if you have 10kwh 10 c is 100kw, for such system at least 100kwh battery is used, 1c rate is common peak load for LTO 1c is nothing, even under 10c only is below 30 percent SOC may drop under 1.9v. Such drop means defective...

Energy price rises in US? in Europe is expansive that offgrid is cheaper than grid. If feed in to the grid is no allowed, you must go offgrid. You may tailor your system in accordance of your needs, conductors cross section must be adequate. I use a quite hi voltage to avoid thick expansive...

For solar system pouch LTO is enough or even prismatic, LTO is far more better than other lithium but is expansive. I am interested what capacity is between 2.18 to 2.50 for a 40 ah 66160 LTO Yinlong cell, I found 23ah for my grade b cells.

I have the same issue with my LTO cells i have 110 40ah grade b LTO cell in two strings of 55. from 2.18v/cell to 2.50volt per cell I have 23.5 Ah from 40 rated, but it not lost capacity after 2Mwh of energy passed troug them (110 cells) i know from some time the story about used and re...

Some meters register injected energy as consumption, this is the way company prohibit injection. Any grid tied inverter has built in anti island protection, but some providers ask for external protection, an anti island kit agreed by that company. Fire safety regulations are in place for PV...

No question, only presentation, these scope sheets are on my DIY inverters, I try to give you an awareness about what may hide behind sinusoidal inverter, That square wave radiated in your wiring and surrounding space is not good, It may affect your healh worse than grid. I use only bipolar...

If you place a diode in parallel with ammeter nothing happns because volage drop on shunt resistor is lo, less than 100mv, diode foreward volage is 400mv for schottky to 700mv for silicon junction. You can wire your system to measure what current you want, you can measure total input current...

Silicon carbide is a giant step foreward in inverters, those IGBT bricks are used at 1-5 khz carriers for motor inverters, but silicon carbide can run above 20khz even large bricks.

Only the output of gate driver is insulated and it`s power, because the sorce of mosfet switches from gnd to vsw, the converter itself is not insulated, input port is +vsw, gnd, and output port is +vdc, gnd, ...gnd is shared by these two ports. there is an error in this diagram driver pin4 is...

You can do that only with diy electronics with no protections (we are on diy forum) and more installed power to cover surge load of your appliances. E.G.: EGSS002(China) can work in open loop that means the output voltage AC rms is proportional with input voltage no matter what input voltage is...

Yes you can heat water or heat living place in winter as I do, if you install a heat pump you can do it better. Diverter may be built in different ways i built it as a dc/dc that clamp battery bus at a preset voltage or pv array 1-2 precent above MPP voltage and divert power to dump resistors...

This is originally designed for 100v (my batt string is LTO 55s 120v dc rated voltage) or above systems for home, controller is powered by an auxiliary SMPS that has it`s own UVLO, but I have one on a garden light that use a single 24 cells panel and ten 18650 li-ion cells in parallel and a...

Currents on charger branch and load branch have only one sense, it no need center zero ammeter, on battery branch current is bidirectional (charge discharge) it need a center zero ammeter, if SOC/voltage of battery is well defined it need only a voltmeter to asses SOC, but for analog, the...

DC battery seems to deal with your inrush currents, 12kw inverter is enough for one appliance at a time, problems occurs in worst situations of same time start. Pay attention at inrush reactive power, it can be mostly reactive than active. IF you use a hi voltage battery some appliances can...

Carrier used on these boards may be hi for your IGBT, for this reason gate rezistors run hot, if you manage to find silicon carbide bricks things will look better, you must use lo esr capacitors for clamping dc bus, and snubbers. A single electrolytic cap is not enough to clamp bus for switching...

For short, is a trade off between cell size, geometry and shading. If you split your array in more strings with smaller cells, probability that one equivalent cell to be completely shaded is negligible, if the cell is a long thin strip, probability to be completely shaded is lo. Smaller cells...

Here are my pv string analog voltmeter and ammeter repurposed and calibrated for this use, are reliable good quality, more than sixty years old instruments

What happens if I plug my onboard ev charger designed for 230v ac in to a 300v dc bus, normally it shold work, it not work olny if management electronics do not allow it to work on dc.

Onboard charger is switching mode supply, with PFC it is dc native, but it may not start if control electronics not detect AC, most appliances with such supplies work on dc in specified voltage range, but some of them simply not start, nothing happens.

I actually use my solar system to heat my house to avoid waste energy, my design is complete diy 120v 55s lto battery bank 10 kwh, buck charger contoller, 120v to 230v two stages insulated diverter at 3 kw, it has a buck stage for battery bus voltage control and pushpull insulated stage open...

An hi voltage auxiliary supply in range of ten watts is useful to power control electronics on a hi voltage PV string. now are available sic mosfets at 1700v and 3300v and sic jfet-s at 1700v. yuo can hack an existing SMPS by cascoding it-s mosfet with a hi voltage silicon carbide sic j-fet and...

Some one purchased for me from OSN 40 ah grade b LTO and i have 23.5 ah From 2.18 to 2,50 volt per cell, in this interval is 70 pecent of capacity,total capacity is 33Ah, is not indicated to keep them higher than 2,50v for hours, in 3 hours at 2.50 volt reaches 95 per cent SOC. For a fast charge...

All lithium batteries last longer if not full charged, if you have a BMS that allows final voltage and cell ballancing to be set , set it at 3.35-3.37v/cell, if you not go higher than that imballacing may occur in years at LFP, at LTO is faster, but i do not need to manually ballance long...

This circuit can serve both as MP-park two stages charge controller or as power diverter, if you want to use surplus energy to heat water or living spaces. It is based on tl494/tl598 pwm controller, two voltage control loops are realized , one for input voltage, the converter starts above the...

In that schematic is only a bridge output stage, it seems to be used for dc/dc. it can used also as modulator using a cheap EGS002/ EG8010 board. For protection the simplest way is to use a hysteresis hall sensor, for a latch protection. From my experience autorestart protection is not good, if...

For most 36v UPS`s final charge voltage is 42v for lead acid is 2.33v/cell. if you use 10 NMC cell in series is 4.2v/cell, hi not last long. To use 12 LFPcell in series you need 40v for 3.35v/cell, at 40 v you can also fit 10 NMC cells in series. You can adjust charging voltage, by modifing...