Anyways, the answer is more battery storage everywhere, and with increasing grid interactivity. Your own linked chart shows this. VPP is still a new concept that needs to be refined more to fit the distributed energy landscape of the future.
Agree although I would say it's but one of multiple strategies required.
Which is why I suggest keeping an eye on Australia (esp. Sth Aust). Multiple VPPs in operation. But definitely it's a developing area. VPPs started here in 2016, and now there is something like 500-700 MW under VPP management across Australia. From an engineering perspective they have been shown to work quite well and there has been a fair bit of knowledge gained. As a commercial option it's a bit more challenging to make them attractive to the household.
Virtual Power Plants have been touted as the future of Australia’s grid. A grid with high penetration of distributed energy resources will inevitably need some coordination to stably operate. Electricity retailers have some ambitious targets for VPPs, which they appear to be relying upon to...
www.sunwiz.com.au
You are absolutely right that frequency-watt is not a tactical form of control, whatever that means.
Just to be clear - the suggestion was made upthread that the grid operators would be better to use frequency control than voltage as a means to curtail rooftop PV generation as desired.
I'm just pointing out the physical folly of that. Allowing (or causing) the grid frequency to rise as a way to throttle PV generation is not a method which can target just rooftop PV. It impacts everything connected to the entire grid - all loads and generation sources. Grid operators will never use that as a means for strategic or tactical curtailment of rooftop PV. That's akin burning the whole suburb/town down because you found a spider in your bedroom. Yes, if the grid frequency rises out of spec then rooftop PV inverters will (should) throttle/shut down. But that's an emergency response mechanism, not strategic management.
Meanwhile voltage can be managed locally and fairly easily at substation level.
But better again is data control signals to the inverters themselves.
As to political and commercial/contractual considerations, in the end if they are not sorted out then physics takes over.
Overpricing excess exported rooftop PV generation is madness, so that will take some time to wash out of the system. At least here that was realised relatively early on and the last of the high feed in credit rates were abandoned the best part of a decade ago. Some still have them as a legacy arrangement but they will soon pass and in general they are a minority and those that do still have them have relatively small systems.
