Alarms can be
cell overvoltage,
pack overvoltage,
pack undervoltage,
cell undervoltage,
overcurrent discharge,
overcurrent charge,
cell over temperature,
cell under temperature,
temperature differential,
cell max to min voltage differential.
Often, you can disconnect the positive power cable for the required rest time, maybe 10s depending on the BMS logic, and then connect it again and be good to go.
I forgot to mention that if there's a short circuit in the MOSFET switches, that'll show up as a fault too. The BMS will trip its breaker if it detects charging current when the charging MOSFETs are off, or if it detects discharging current when the discharging MOSFETs are off.
